Cellular Agriculture (CA) is a new concept in biotechnology that aims to produce (animal) protein through bioprocessing. This includes the production of muscle cells and tissue from animal stems cells rather than from whole animals, as well as the use of precision fermentation for microbial production of (animal) protein, such as dairy alternatives. However, development of sustainable, cost-effective processes for cellular agriculture at the huge scale required to meet a substantial fraction of anticipated global meat demands raises interesting scientific and technological challenges.